Picture Identification Test Need Definitions

Motivation Analysis is looking for a few good minds

New - an essay discussing basic problems of world cultures: "The Combative Dominance Syndrome"

Picture Identification Need Definitions

 1. Abasement (Aba) The need to admit faults and weaknesses.

 2. Achievement (Ach) The need to work hard to attain goals.

 3. Affiliation (Aff) The need to be friendly and sociable.

 4. Aggression (Agg) The need to be forceful and criticize or attack others.

 5. Autonomy (Aut) The need to be free, independent, and uninhibited.

 6. Blame Avoidance (Bla) The need to avoid doing things that might arouse criticism or disapproval.

 7. Counteraction (Cnt) The need to improve one's self and correct mistakes and shortcomings.

 8. Defendance (Dfd) The need to stand up for one's rights and defend one's self.

 9. Deference (Def) The need to follow the advice and guidance of those with experience and authority.

10. Dominance (Dom) The need to assert leadership and act in a commanding and persuasive way.

11. Exhibition (Exh) The need to express ideas and exhibit one's talents and abilities.

12. Gratitude (Gra) The need to be appreciative, thankful, and grateful.

13. Harm Avoidance (Har) The need to avoid harm and danger.

14. Inferiority Avoidance (Inf) The need to avoid failure, inadequacy, and inferiority.

15. Nurturance (Nur) The need to give aid and comfort to others.

16. Order (Ord) The need to systematize, organize, and put things in order.

17. Play (Pla) The need to play, have fun, and enjoy one's self.

18. Rejection (Rej) The need to resist pressures to do things one does not wish to do.

19. Sentience (Sen) The need to appreciate the beauty and harmony of one's surroundings.

20. Sex (Sex) The need to satisfy sexual desires.

21. Succorance (Suc) The need to receive help, support, and assistance.

22. Understanding (Und) The need to learn, understand, and find the meaning of things.

Picture Identification Test Cluster Definitions

 1. Friendliness cluster needs: (affiliation, gratitude, nurturance, sentience) Needs that motivate us to develop harmonious, sensitive, caring, and appreciative relationships with others.

 2. Intimacy cluster needs: (abasement, gratitude, nurturance, succorance) Needs that motivate us to seek closeness with others by being both dependent and caring (mutually supportive), open, honest, and appreciative.

 3. Inhibition cluster needs: (deference, succorance, blame avoidance, harm avoidance) Needs that motivate us to inhibit our impulses and self assertiveness and to seek support and guidance to avoid blame and harm

 4. Competition cluster needs: (achievement, counteraction, order, understanding) Needs that motivate us to pursue goals with persistence and to strive to organize and understand the meaning of our work.

 5. Dominance cluster needs: (defendance, dominance, rejection) Needs that motivate us to control and direct others, defend our status and rank, and resist challenges to our authority.

 6. Sociability cluster needs: (affiliation, play, sentience) Needs that motivate us to seek relaxation, recreation, pleasure, and harmony in our activities with others.

 7. Independence cluster needs: (autonomy, defendance, sex) Needs that motivate us to make and defend our own choices and decisions regarding our thoughts, actions, and sexuality.

 8. Aggression cluster needs: (aggression, defendance, rejection) Needs that motivate us to assert our will, to defend our positions, and to resist opposition to our actions.

 9. Performance cluster needs: (dominance, exhibition, play) Needs that motivate us to display our accomplishments and abilities so we may obtain recognition, approval, status, and pleasure.

10. Failure Avoidance cluster needs: (deference, inferiority avoidance, succorance) Needs that motivate us to seek guidance and help to avoid failure, inferiority, and inadequacy.

The Picture Identification Test (PIT) is a psychological instrument based on the Murray need system. The PIT uses multidimensional scaling to provide an analysis of needs (motives). It indicates needs that are being met or expressed ineffectively. The PIT can be administered to subjects ages twelve and older.

• Motivation Analysis - Theory developed from Picture Identification Test research and from the general systems point of view.
• Essays - Observations and thoughts about motivation, beliefs, values, purpose and meaning.
• Needs (Motives) - Discussion of 22 Murray based needs as they relate to three major motivation dimensions.

For further information about the Picture Identification Test contact
Jay L. Chambers, PhD: ibis@kalexres.kendal.org
160 Kendal Drive Apartment #205
Lexington, Virginia 24450
Phone: 540.462.3874

The Motivation Analysis web site has three sections:

Motivation Analysis: General Systems Point of View | Combative Dimension | Personal Social Dimension | Competitve Dimension | PIT Scores | PIT Publications | PIT Dissertations | Motivation System Target Model | Target Model Reliability | GPA Predications | Need & Cluster Definitions | Links

Essays: Combative Dominance Syndrome (new) | Political Motivation | Mental Sets | Symbolic Thinking, Values, Motivation & Religion | Needs, Values, Philosophy & Religion

Needs (Motives): Abasement | Achievement | Affiliation | Aggression | Autonomy | Blame Avoidance | Counteraction | Defendance | Deference | Dominance | Exhibition | Gratitude | Harm Avoidance | Inferiority Avoidance | Nurturance | Order | Play | Rejection | Sentience | Sex | Succorance | Understanding

URL: http://www.overbooked.org/motivation/ma/needandclusterdefinitions.html

Hosted by Overbooked (Book Links) on Central Virginia's Community Online.
Overbooked is a volunteer project undertaken by Ann Chambers Theis,
Collection Management Administrator, Chesterfield County (VA) Public Library
P.O. Box 297, Chesterfield, VA, 23832. Phone: 804.748.1760.